SECTION I

CAPITALISM

1. The emergence of the free worker, who has broken away from the feudal ties and does not have the means of production and subsistence, is the historical condition of existence of capital. The accumulation of capital takes place by the confiscation of surplus labor-time of the worker by the capitalist. Where capital accumulation prevails, the labor-capital contrast becomes the decisive contradiction.

2. Wherever the capital enters, it dissolves the old relations of production, makes them dependent on itself and liquidates them in the process. Ultimately, it does not leave any other relation of production except itself; it is the historical tendency of capital to transform all kinds of ownership on the means of production into capital, the whole production into the production of commodities and all kinds of labor into wage-labor.

3. The capital production process consists of two stages. The first is the production of surplus, which is generated by the confiscation of the excess labor time of the worker in the process of commodity production; the second is the conversion of the surplus value into profit by the sale of commodities. In the production area, the bosses exploit the worker, while in the market the bosses who compete for the surplus-profit rob each other.

4. The capital concentrates in competition and centralizes, and the bigger ones swallow smaller ones. Monopolies on national and worldwide scale emerge. As capital accumulation increases, the rate of capital spreading to the world increases. Creating a world market is one of the main intrinsic trends of capital. The economic competition between the capitalist countries and between the monopolies is transformed into the highest political form through the occupation and colonial-sharing wars. Wars are the inevitable result of capital competition.

5. Under the capitalist mode of production, the confiscation of the surplus labor-time of the worker by the capitalist is the main source of wealth. The creation and production of the reserve industry army, the emergence of chronic unemployment, the brutal exploitation of the worker, especially the woman and child labor force, the expropriation of the producers, starting from the small ones and gradually to the bigger ones, the confiscation of the accumulation of others through the financial means is the form of existence of this wealth accumulation. On the one hand, the growth of unemployment, poverty and dispossession, on the other hand, the accumulation of wealth in the hands of a small minority is the nature of capital accumulation.

6. Capitalism not only condemns workers and other laborers to exploitation and poverty, but confronts them with social, intellectual degeneration and alienation.

7. The unplanned and anarchic development of production and the limited purchasing power of direct producers lead to overproduction crises, which profoundly shake capitalism at regular intervals. The capital comes out as more concentrated and centralized from every crisis. Some of these crises emerge as large-scale periodical crises and are the source of qualitative changes in the form of capitalist production. Free competitive capitalism reaches imperialism and imperialism reaches the stage of imperialist globalization.

8. The development of the productive forces of social labor is the historical function and existence condition of capital. The monopoly of capital becomes the block of the mode of production, which sprouts together with itself and under its sovereignty. The centralization of the means of production and the socialization of labor eventually reaches a point where they are incompatible with their capitalist shells. Continuous revolution in production becomes unrealizable. Instead of developing the social production forces of labor, capital becomes an obstacle in front of it. This is the objective basis for its existential crisis. Thus, the shell cracks. Capitalist production leads to its own denial with the inevitable necessity of a natural law.

9. Capital creates the material forces of the new society by its own hand, but for the free development of these forces capital must be eliminated.

10. The task of burying capitalism, which creates the material conditions of its own destruction, is on the shoulder of the proletariat, which constitutes the class of wage-slaves. The communist movement is, enlightened by the theory of scientific socialism, the conscious expression of the working-class movement, which aims at resolving the contradiction between the social character of production and the private ownership of the means of production.